Take, close, break, throw, go, and come

Follow one root into related words. Read each connection and explain how the shared meaning develops. Select a word to load its path in the matrix below.

• capt + urecaptureverb

  To take someone or something into control or possession.

  Colonial authorities could capture runaways and return them to their masters.

• capt + ivecaptivenoun

  A person held under another’s control and unable to leave freely.

  A captive in the forced removal of the Cherokee faced military control over movement.

• capt + ive + itycaptivitynoun

  The condition of being held under another’s control.

  Wartime captivity restricted Japanese Americans’ freedom without individual findings of disloyalty.

  Drop the final silent e before the vowel suffix: captive + ity → captivity.

• re + capt + urerecaptureverb

  To take back into control someone or something that had escaped or been lost.

  Authorities could recapture runaways, but the courts did not punish them equally.

• ac + ceptacceptverb

  To agree to receive, recognize, or go along with something.

  The Cherokee did not all accept the treaty signed by a minority of their nation.

• ac + cept + anceacceptancenoun

  Agreement to recognize or go along with something.

  A small ratification meeting did not demonstrate the nation’s free acceptance of removal.

Explain the connection: “These words share ___. In ___ it helps mean ___; in ___ it helps mean ___.”

Follow one root into related words. Read each connection and explain how the shared meaning develops. Select a word to load its path in the matrix below.

• in + cludeincludeverb

  To make someone or something part of a group or whole.

  A fuller national history must include the experiences of many peoples.

• in + clus + ioninclusionnoun

  The act or condition of being accepted as part of a group.

  Legal inclusion did not automatically create equal economic opportunity.

• in + clus + iveinclusiveadjective

  Allowing different people to participate or belong.

  An inclusive labor movement would organize across the divisions encouraged by employers.

• in + clus + ive + lyinclusivelyadverb

  In a way that brings different people into participation.

  Workers organized more inclusively when Japanese and Filipino unions joined the same strike.

• ex + cludeexcludeverb

  To keep someone or something out.

  Citizenship restrictions helped exclude Japanese immigrants from land ownership.

• ex + clus + ionexclusionnoun

  The act or condition of being kept out.

  Racial exclusion connected immigration rules, citizenship, and property rights.

Explain the connection: “These words share ___. In ___ it helps mean ___; in ___ it helps mean ___.”

Follow one root into related words. Read each connection and explain how the shared meaning develops. Select a word to load its path in the matrix below.

• frag + mentfragmentnoun

  A piece broken off a whole.
• frag + ment + ationfragmentationnoun

  The process of breaking into pieces.
• fract + urefracturenoun

  A break or crack.

Explain the connection: “These words share ___. In ___ it helps mean ___; in ___ it helps mean ___.”

Follow one root into related words. Read each connection and explain how the shared meaning develops. Select a word to load its path in the matrix below.

• dis + ruptdisruptverb

  To interrupt the normal operation of something.

  A strike could disrupt plantation production by withholding labor.

• dis + rupt + iondisruptionnoun

  An interruption that changes how something normally works.

  The disruption caused by a strike could pressure employers even when workers did not win every demand.

• dis + rupt + ivedisruptiveadjective

  Interrupting an established pattern or operation.

  Employers viewed a united strike as disruptive to their control of production.

• inter + ruptinterruptverb

  To stop something temporarily or break into its progress.

  Workers could interrupt production to make their demands harder to ignore.

• inter + rupt + ioninterruptionnoun

  A break in the progress of an activity.

  An interruption in production revealed how much owners depended on workers.

• e + rupteruptverb

  To break out suddenly.

  Conflict could erupt when growing settlement intensified disputes over Native land.

Explain the connection: “These words share ___. In ___ it helps mean ___; in ___ it helps mean ___.”

Follow one root into related words. Read each connection and explain how the shared meaning develops. Select a word to load its path in the matrix below.

• re + jectrejectverb

  To refuse to accept something.

  Chinese workers could reject the idea that lower pay was justified by their race.

• re + ject + ionrejectionnoun

  A refusal to accept something.

  The rejection of Chinese workers by white labor organizations weakened the possibility of a wider alliance.

• ob + jectobjectverb

  To express opposition or disagreement.

  Cherokee leaders could object to a treaty signed by people who did not represent the nation’s majority.

• ob + ject + ionobjectionnoun

  A stated reason for opposing something.

  Cherokee opposition to the treaty was a serious objection to treating removal as voluntary.

• pro + jectprojectverb

  To estimate or imagine something in the future.

  Population trends allowed writers to project a future in which no single group would remain the majority.

• pro + ject + ionprojectionnoun

  An estimate or image of a possible future.

  A demographic projection challenges a fixed picture of who belongs in the United States.

Explain the connection: “These words share ___. In ___ it helps mean ___; in ___ it helps mean ___.”

Follow one root into related words. Read each connection and explain how the shared meaning develops. Select a word to load its path in the matrix below.

• grad + ualgradualadjective

  Happening step by step.
• pro + gressprogressnoun

  Movement forward toward a goal.
• re + gressregressverb

  To move back to an earlier state.

Explain the connection: “These words share ___. In ___ it helps mean ___; in ___ it helps mean ___.”

Follow one root into related words. Read each connection and explain how the shared meaning develops. Select a word to load its path in the matrix below.

• ex + itexitverb

  To go out.
• trans + ittransitnoun

  Movement across or through a place.
• trans + it + iontransitionnoun

  A change from one state or stage to another.

Explain the connection: “These words share ___. In ___ it helps mean ___; in ___ it helps mean ___.”

Follow one root into related words. Read each connection and explain how the shared meaning develops. Select a word to load its path in the matrix below.

• pre + cedeprecedeverb

  To happen or come before something else.

  In Takaki’s account, Native farms precede English settlements in New England.

• pre + cede + enceprecedencenoun

  Priority in importance or order.

  Giving settlers’ demands precedence over Native land rights shaped removal policy.

  Drop the final silent e before the vowel suffix: precede + ence → precedence.

• pre + cede + entprecedentnoun

  An earlier example used to guide a later decision or action.

  English conquest in Ireland supplied a precedent for methods later used across the Atlantic.

  Drop the final silent e before the vowel suffix: precede + ent → precedent.

• pro + ceedproceedverb

  To continue or go forward.

  Officials allowed removal to proceed despite serious objections to the treaty.

• pro + cessprocessnoun

  A connected series of actions that produces a result.

  Dispossession was a process involving laws, debts, and transfers of ownership.

• pro + cess + ionprocessionnoun

  A group moving forward together, often in an ordered line.

  The Choctaw procession included sick people, newborn children, and elders struggling through severe winter conditions.

Explain the connection: “These words share ___. In ___ it helps mean ___; in ___ it helps mean ___.”

Follow one root into related words. Read each connection and explain how the shared meaning develops. Select a word to load its path in the matrix below.

• curr + entcurrentnoun

  A flow of water or electricity.
• con + curr + entconcurrentadjective

  Happening at the same time.
• con + curr + ent + lyconcurrentlyadverb

  At the same time.

Explain the connection: “These words share ___. In ___ it helps mean ___; in ___ it helps mean ___.”

Follow one root into related words. Read each connection and explain how the shared meaning develops. Select a word to load its path in the matrix below.

• con + veneconveneverb

  To come together for a meeting.
• inter + veneinterveneverb

  To come between people or events to affect what happens.
• inter + vent + ioninterventionnoun

  An action taken to affect a situation.

Explain the connection: “These words share ___. In ___ it helps mean ___; in ___ it helps mean ___.”